Viruses and other malware (malicious software)

Febuary 20, 2011

A computer virus is a malicious program that can copy itself and infect a computer. In order to replicate itself, a virus must be permitted to execute code and write to memory. For this reason, many viruses attach themselves to executable files that may be part of legitimate programs. If a user attempts to launch an infected program, the virus' code may be executed simultaneously.

The term "computer virus" is sometimes used as a catch-all phrase to include all types of malware, even those that do not have the reproductive ability. Malware includes computer viruses, computer worms, Trojan horses, spyware, dishonest adware and other malicious and unwanted software, including true viruses. Viruses are sometimes confused with worms and Trojan horses, which are technically different.

A worm can exploit security vulnerabilities to spread itself automatically to other computers through networks, while a Trojan horse is a program that appears harmless but hides malicious functions. Worms and Trojan horses, like viruses, may harm a computer system's data or performance. Spyware is a type of malware that can be installed on computers and collects little bits of information at a time about users without their knowledge. The presence of spyware is typically hidden from the user, and can be difficult to detect. Adware, or advertising-supported software, is any software package which automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertisements to a computer. These advertisements can be in the form of a pop-up. The object of the Adware is to generate revenue for its author. Adware, by itself, is harmless; however, some adware may come with integrated spyware and other privacy-invasive software.

Free anti-virus sofware

Miscrosoft: Remove a computer virus or receive computer virus-related support

Microsoft: Malicious Software Removal Tool

How are computer viruses or other malware spread?

  • Email attachments (often disguised as an image, video, or other file)
  • Instant message attachments
  • Hidden in pirated software
  • Hidden in files downloaded from the internet
  • Trasmitted when the user clicks on a pop-up

How to avoid a computer virus

  • Do not download files from strangers
  • Stay aware of current virus news by checking sites like McAfee's AVERT Alerts or McAfee's Recent Threats Page
  • Always use updated antivirus software
  • Check that the source is reputable before downloading any applications or files from the internet
  • If you use Microsoft Outlook (not Express) for e-mail, make sure that the "automatic preview" feature is disabled. You can find this option under the "View" menu.
  • On the computer, turn on the firewall.
  • Keep the computer operating system up-to-date. Check the security site section of Microsoft if you have Windows.

Information on detecting malware:


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